Unsafe
概述
Unsafe 对象提供了非常底层的,操作内存、线程的方法,Unsafe 对象不能直接调用,只能通过反射获得。LockSupport的park方法,cas相关的方法底层都是通过Unsafe类来实现的。
Unsafe 类存在 sun.misc
包,其中所有方法都是 native 修饰的,都是直接调用操作系统底层资源执行相应的任务,基于该类可以直接操作特定的内存数据,其内部方法操作类似 C 的指针
java
static Unsafe unsafe;
static {
try {
// Unsafe 使用了单例模式,unsafe对象是类中的一个私有的变量
Field theUnsafe = Unsafe.class.getDeclaredField("theUnsafe");
theUnsafe.setAccessible(true);
unsafe = (Unsafe) theUnsafe.get(null);
} catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalAccessException e) {
throw new Error(e);
}
}
static Unsafe getUnsafe() {
return unsafe;
}
模拟实现原子整数
java
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyAtomicInteger atomicInteger = new MyAtomicInteger(10);
if (atomicInteger.compareAndSwap(20)) {
System.out.println(atomicInteger.getValue());
}
}
class MyAtomicInteger {
private static final Unsafe UNSAFE;
private static final long VALUE_OFFSET;
private volatile int value;
static {
try {
//Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe()这样会报错,需要反射获取
Field theUnsafe = Unsafe.class.getDeclaredField("theUnsafe");
theUnsafe.setAccessible(true);
UNSAFE = (Unsafe) theUnsafe.get(null);
// 获取 value 属性的内存地址,value 属性指向该地址,直接设置该地址的值可以修改 value 的值
VALUE_OFFSET = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset(MyAtomicInteger.class.getDeclaredField("value"));
} catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
throw new RuntimeException();
}
}
public MyAtomicInteger(int value) {
this.value = value;
}
public int getValue() {
return value;
}
public boolean compareAndSwap(int update) {
while (true) {
int prev = this.value;
int next = update;
// 当前对象 内存偏移量 期望值 更新值
if (UNSAFE.compareAndSwapInt(this, VALUE_OFFSET, prev, update)) {
System.out.println("CAS成功");
return true;
}
}
}
}